Mirrors

Mirrors#

Python 源#

使用 deadsnakes，可以在 Linux 上轻松地安装多个 Python 版本：

# 添加 PPA (Personal Package Archives) 源，此源可安装多个 Python 版本
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:deadsnakes/ppa

# 制定需要安装的 Python 版本号
PYTHON_VERSION=python3.13

# 安装另一个版本的 Python
sudo apt install $PYTHON_VERSION $PYTHON_VERSION-dev \
    $PYTHON_VERSION-venv $PYTHON_VERSION-distutils \
    $PYTHON_VERSION-lib2to3 $PYTHON_VERSION-gdbm \
    $PYTHON_VERSION-tk

# 使用新版本的 Python
mkdir -p ~/venv
$PYTHON_VERSION -m venv ~/venv/$PYTHON_VERSION --without-pip
source ~/venv/$PYTHON_VERSION/bin/activate
curl https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py | $PYTHON_VERSION

MSYS2 源#

中科大源

# modify config files
sed -i "s#mirror.msys2.org/#mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/msys2/#g" /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist*

# verify the modification
head -n 6 /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist.msys

# clear cache
pacman -Scc

# update mirrors
pacman -Sy

清华源

# modify config files
sed -i "s#mirror.msys2.org/#mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/msys2/#g" /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist*

# verify the modification
head -n 6 /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist.msys

# clear cache
pacman -Scc

# update mirrors
pacman -Syu

npm 源#

npm 是 JavaScript 世界的包管理工具，并且是 Node.js 平台的默认包管理工具。通过 npm 可以安装、共享、分发代码，管理项目依赖关系。默认源是 https://www.npmjs.com/。

sudo apt install npm
sudo npm install n -g

# 设置淘宝镜像源
npm config set registry https://registry.npmmirror.com

升级或降级到指定版本的 npm 和 nodejs

# 升级到最新版本
sudo npm install -g npm@latest
sudo n latest

# 降级到指定版本
sudo npm install npm@8.1.2 -g
sudo n v16.13.2

Maven 源#

如果使用 IDEA 默认的国外镜像源比较慢（会导致下载 Maven Wrapper 失败），可尝试使用国内镜像源：

阿里云：https://developer.aliyun.com/mirror/
腾讯云：https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/
网易 163：http://uni.mirrors.163.com/

编辑或新建 C:\Users\%USERNAME%\.m2\settings.xml，文件内容如下（使用阿里云镜像）：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<settings xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.2.0"
          xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
          xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.2.0
                              https://maven.apache.org/xsd/settings-1.2.0.xsd">
  <mirrors>
    <mirror>
      <id>aliyunmaven</id>
      <mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf>
      <name>阿里云公共仓库</name>
      <url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/public</url>
    </mirror>
  </mirrors>
  <profiles>
    <profile>
      <id>jdk-1.8</id>
      <activation>
        <jdk>1.8</jdk>
      </activation>
      <repositories>
        <repository>
          <id>spring</id>
          <url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/spring</url>
          <releases><enabled>true</enabled></releases>
          <snapshots><enabled>true</enabled></snapshots>
        </repository>
      </repositories>
    </profile>
  </profiles>
</settings>

Docker 源#

1、为 Ubuntu 系统配置 Docker 仓库源与镜像加速

中科大源

# 设置 GPG 公钥
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ca-certificates curl
sudo install -m 0755 -d /etc/apt/keyrings
sudo curl -fsSL https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu/gpg -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc
sudo chmod a+r /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc

# 设置 Docker 仓库
echo "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc] \
  https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu \
  $(. /etc/os-release && echo "$VERSION_CODENAME") stable" | \
  sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null
sudo apt-get update

阿里云源

# 设置 GPG 公钥
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ca-certificates curl
sudo install -m 0755 -d /etc/apt/keyrings
sudo curl -fsSL https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu/gpg -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc
sudo chmod a+r /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc

# 设置 Docker 仓库
echo "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc] \
  https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu \
  $(. /etc/os-release && echo "$VERSION_CODENAME") stable" | \
  sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null
sudo apt-get update

清华源

# 设置 GPG 公钥
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ca-certificates curl
sudo install -m 0755 -d /etc/apt/keyrings
sudo curl -fsSL https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu/gpg -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc
sudo chmod a+r /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc

# 设置 Docker 仓库
echo "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc] \
  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu \
  $(. /etc/os-release && echo "$VERSION_CODENAME") stable" | \
  sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null
sudo apt-get update

2、为 Docker 配置镜像加速器

sudo mkdir -p /etc/docker
sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<EOF
{
  "registry-mirrors": [
    "https://docker.m.daocloud.io",
    "https://docker.mirrors.sjtug.sjtu.edu.cn",
    "https://mirror.baidubce.com",
    "http://hub-mirror.c.163.com"
  ]
}
EOF

sudo systemctl restart docker
sudo docker info

3、为 Containerd 配置镜像加速端点

sudo tee /etc/containerd/config.toml <<EOF
[plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry]
  [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry.mirrors]
    [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry.mirrors."docker.io"]
      endpoint = [
        "https://docker.m.daocloud.io",
        "https://docker.mirrors.sjtug.sjtu.edu.cn",
        "https://mirror.baidubce.com",
        "http://hub-mirror.c.163.com"
      ]
EOF

sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl restart containerd